Snake Bite First Aid & Spider Bite Treatment: What to Do in an Emergency

Australia is home to some of the world’s most venomous snakes and spiders. While most bites are not fatal, knowing snake bite first aid and spider bite treatment can make all the difference in preventing serious complications.

Would you know what to do if someone was bitten by a snake or spider? In this guide, we’ll cover snake bite symptoms, first aid treatment for snake bites, and how to manage spider bites effectively.

Snake Bite First Aid

How Dangerous Are Snake Bites?

Australia has some of the most venomous snakes, including the eastern brown snake, taipan, tiger snake, and death adder. Even though deaths from snake bites are rare, snake venom can cause paralysis, internal bleeding, organ failure, and even death if not treated properly.

Signs and Symptoms of a Snake Bite

Recognising snake bite symptoms is crucial:

• Two puncture marks (but sometimes only scratches are visible)

• Severe pain and swelling (though some bites may not hurt initially)

• Nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain

• Dizziness, fainting, or collapse

• Blurred vision, drooping eyelids, or difficulty speaking

• Muscle weakness, paralysis, or difficulty breathing

• Unexplained bleeding from the bite site or gums

Some venomous snake bites cause minimal initial pain, leading victims to underestimate the danger. However, venom can still spread through the lymphatic system and cause delayed symptoms.

First Aid for Snake Bites: Step-by-Step

Follow these snake bite first aid steps immediately:

1. Stay calm and keep still – Movement spreads venom faster.

2. Call 000 immediately – Urgent medical help is required.

3. Apply a pressure immobilisation bandage:

   • Use a wide elastic or crepe bandage.

   • Wrap firmly around the bite, then bandage the entire limb, starting from the bite and moving upwards.

   • Immobilise the limb with a splint if possible.

   • Mark the bite site on the bandage for reference.

4. Keep the person lying down and still to slow venom movement.

5. DO NOT:

   • Do not wash the bite site – venom identification helps doctors administer the correct antivenom.

   • Do not suck out the venom.

   • Do not apply a tourniquet – this can worsen symptoms.

   • Do not try to catch or kill the snake – it increases the risk of more bites.

Emergency treatment for snake bites involves hospital observation and, if needed, antivenom. Prompt first aid significantly improves survival chances.

Spider Bite First Aid

Australia has several venomous spiders, but only a few are dangerous. Knowing spider bite first aid can prevent complications from bites like funnel-web spider bites and redback spider bites.

Funnel-Web Spider Bite First Aid

Symptoms of a Funnel-Web Spider Bite

• Severe pain at the bite site

• Profuse sweating

• Muscle twitching and weakness

• Rapid heart rate and high blood pressure

• Difficulty breathing

• Salivation and vomiting

First Aid for Funnel-Web Spider Bites

1. Call 000 immediately – Funnel-web bites are life-threatening.

2. Apply a pressure immobilisation bandage, using the same technique as for a snake bite.

3. Keep the person still to reduce venom spread.

4. Monitor breathing and be ready to perform CPR if needed.

Antivenom is available and highly effective against funnel-web spider bites.

Redback Spider Bite First Aid

Symptoms of a Redback Spider Bite

• Intense pain at the bite site

• Redness and swelling

• Nausea and sweating

• Muscle weakness and spasms

• Headache and vomiting

First Aid for Redback Spider Bites

1. Wash the bite site with soap and water – Unlike snake and funnel-web bites, cleaning is recommended.

2. Apply an ice pack to reduce swelling and pain.

3. Keep the person calm and still to slow venom absorption.

4. Do NOT use a pressure immobilisation bandage.

5. Seek medical attention if pain worsens – Redback antivenom is available but rarely needed.

Other Spider Bite First Aid

Most spider bites in Australia (such as those from the huntsman, orb-weaver, and wolf spider) are harmless. Their bites may cause minor pain, redness, and swelling but usually heal without treatment.

First Aid for Minor Spider Bites:

• Wash the bite area with soap and water.

• Apply an ice pack to reduce swelling.

• Take pain relief if needed.

• Monitor for allergic reactions, especially in children or those with allergies.

When to Seek Medical Help

Seek urgent medical care if:

• The person has been bitten by a venomous snake or funnel-web spider.

• The person has difficulty breathing, dizziness, or loss of consciousness.

• The bite is from a redback spider and pain worsens.

• The person experiences severe pain, swelling, or signs of infection.

Preventing Snake and Spider Bites

Avoiding bites is the best first aid for snake bites and spider bites. Follow these safety tips:

To Prevent Snake Bites:

• Be cautious in long grass, rocky areas, and near waterholes.

• Wear enclosed shoes and long pants when hiking or gardening.

• Never approach or handle snakes.

• Keep yards clear of debris where snakes might hide.

To Prevent Spider Bites:

• Shake out shoes and clothes before wearing them.

• Wear gloves when gardening.

• Be careful in dark spaces like sheds and woodpiles.

Final Thoughts: The Importance of First Aid Training

Knowing first aid for snake bites and spider bites can save lives. The key points to remember are:

• For snake and funnel-web spider bites: Apply a pressure immobilisation bandage and call 000 immediately.

• For redback spider bites: Apply ice, avoid movement, and seek medical advice if symptoms worsen.

• Always seek medical help if unsure.

The best way to stay prepared is to take a first aid course. Proper training ensures you can act confidently in emergencies.

Be prepared – your knowledge could save a life! 🐍🕷️🚑